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  1. Case Definitions/

Open Syndrome Nipah Like Illness

Authors:

Location: Bangladesh

Purpose #

The definition #

Fever (axillary temperature > 38.5 °C) or history of raised temperature prior to hospitalization AND any sign/symptom of brain pathology OR Fever (axillary temperature > 38.5 °C) or history of raised temperature prior to hospitalization AND any sign/symptom of lung pathology

Machine-readable definition #

The definition is available in JSON format following the Open Syndrome v1.0 specification:

{
   "category": "suspected",
   "definition_type": "case_definition",
   "description": "",
   "human_readable_definition": "Fever (axillary temperature \u003e 38.5 °C) or history of raised temperature prior to hospitalization AND any sign/symptom of brain pathology\nOR\nFever (axillary temperature \u003e 38.5 °C) or history of raised temperature prior to hospitalization AND any sign/symptom of lung pathology",
   "inclusion_criteria": [
     {
       "logical_operator": "AND",
       "type": "criterion",
       "values": [
         {
           "logical_operator": "OR",
           "type": "criterion",
           "values": [
             {
               "name": "Fever (axillary temperature \u003e38.5°C)",
               "type": "symptom"
             },
             {
               "name": "history of raised temperature prior to hospitalization",
               "type": "professional_judgment"
             }
           ]
         },
         {
           "logical_operator": "AND",
           "type": "criterion",
           "values": [
             {
               "name": "any sign/symptom of lung pathology",
               "type": "symptom"
             },
             {
               "name": "any sign/symptom of brain pathology",
               "type": "symptom"
             }
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "keywords": [
     "Nipah virus",
     "Asia"
   ],
   "language": "English",
   "location": "Bangladesh",
   "open_syndrome_version": "1.0.0",
   "organization": "",
   "published_at": "2025-01-29T12:00:00Z",
   "published_by": [
     "Open Syndrome Initiative"
   ],
   "published_in": "https://opensyndrome.org",
   "references": [
     {
       "citation": "Satter SM, Aquib WR, Sultana S, Sharif AR, Nazneen A, et al. (2023) Tackling a global epidemic threat: Nipah surveillance in Bangladesh, 2006–2021. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17(9): e0011617.",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011617"
     }
   ],
   "scope": "broad",
   "status": "draft",
   "target_public_health_threats": [
     "Nipah virus"
   ],
   "title": "Open Syndrome Nipah Like Illness",
   "version": "1.0.0"
 }

Using the Definition #

Healthcare organizations can implement this definition through:

  • Direct integration with surveillance systems
  • API endpoints for real-time validation
  • Manual case verification processes

Next Steps #

We encourage:

  • Clinical feedback on the definition criteria
  • Technical feedback on the implementation format
  • Suggestions for additional symptoms or signs
  • Reports of implementation experiences

Get Involved #

We welcome contributions and feedback from the community.