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  1. Case Definitions/

Open Syndrome Leptospirosis

Authors: Robert Koch Institute

Location: Germany

Purpose #

Case definition for suspected leptospirosis in Germany

The definition #

Klinisches Bild einer akuten Leptospirose, definiert als mindestens eines der neun folgenden Kriterien:

  • ►allgemeine Krankheitszeichen,
  • Dyspnoe (Atemstörung),
  • ►Fieber,
  • Hämorrhagien (z.B. Lungenblutungen, subkonjunktivale Blutungen),
  • Husten,
  • Ikterus (Gelbsucht),
  • Meningitis oder Meningoenzephalitis,
  • Myokarditis (Herzmuskelentzündung),
  • ►Nierenfunktionsstörung ODER ►krankheitsbedingter Tod.

Machine-readable definition #

The definition is available in JSON format following the Open Syndrome v1.0 specification:

{
   "category": "suspected",
   "definition_type": "case_definition",
   "description": "Case definition for suspected leptospirosis in Germany",
   "human_readable_definition": "Klinisches Bild einer akuten Leptospirose, definiert als mindestens eines der neun folgenden Kriterien:\n- ►allgemeine Krankheitszeichen,\n- Dyspnoe (Atemstörung),\n- ►Fieber,\n- Hämorrhagien (z.B. Lungenblutungen, subkonjunktivale Blutungen),\n- Husten,\n- Ikterus (Gelbsucht),\n- Meningitis oder Meningoenzephalitis,\n- Myokarditis (Herzmuskelentzündung),\n- ►Nierenfunktionsstörung\nODER ►krankheitsbedingter Tod.",
   "inclusion_criteria": [
     {
       "logical_operator": "OR",
       "type": "criterion",
       "values": [
         {
           "name": "General symptoms",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Dyspnea (respiratory distress)",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Fever",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Hemorrhagia (e.g., pulmonary hemorrhage, subconjunctival hemorrhage)",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Cough",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Icterus (jaundice)",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Meningitis or meningoencephalitis",
           "type": "professional_judgment"
         },
         {
           "name": "Myocarditis (myocardial inflammation)",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Renal function disorder",
           "type": "symptom"
         },
         {
           "name": "Death due to disease",
           "type": "professional_judgment"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "keywords": [
     "Leptospirosis",
     "Europe"
   ],
   "language": "English",
   "location": "Germany",
   "open_syndrome_version": "1.0.0",
   "organization": "Robert Koch Institute",
   "published_at": "2025-02-08T09:13:10Z",
   "published_by": [
     "Open Syndrome Initiative"
   ],
   "published_in": "https://opensyndrome.org",
   "references": [
     {
       "citation": "",
       "url": "https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/IfSG/Falldefinition/Downloads/Falldefinitionen_des_RKI_2023.pdf?__blob=publicationFile"
     }
   ],
   "scope": "specific",
   "status": "draft",
   "target_public_health_threats": [
     "Leptospirosis"
   ],
   "title": "Open Syndrome Leptospirosis",
   "version": "1.0.0"
 }

Using the Definition #

Healthcare organizations can implement this definition through:

  • Direct integration with surveillance systems
  • API endpoints for real-time validation
  • Manual case verification processes

Next Steps #

We encourage:

  • Clinical feedback on the definition criteria
  • Technical feedback on the implementation format
  • Suggestions for additional symptoms or signs
  • Reports of implementation experiences

Get Involved #

We welcome contributions and feedback from the community.